Air-preheater for explosive-engines



S. S. STALEY AND M. W. COLLET.

AIR PREHEATER FOR EXPLOSIVE ENGINES.

APPLICATION men JAN- 7, 191a.

Fig.5 I 9 In)??? am 6 4 8 Fig.3. markfimondi lilorngy Patented Aug. 9,1921.

vireo STATES PATENT OFFICE.

SAMUEL S. STALEY,AND MARK W. COLLET, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

AIR-PREHEATER FOR EXPLOSIVE-ENGINES.

"1 '0 all whom it may concern:

Be it known thatwe, SAMUEL S. STALEY and MARK W. CoLLnT, citizens of theUnited States, and residents of the city and county of Philadelphia andState of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement inAir-'Preheaters for Explosive-Engines, of which the following is aspecifiof air of the temperature required to heat the charge before itsentrance into the cylinder to a temperature sufficient, in con unc-.tion with the compression, to insure an explosion. The present deviceis aimed to furnish heated air in adequate quantity to supply thegaseous mixture in proper proportions before going intothe cyhnde-r.Figure 1 is aplan view of the device.

Fig. 2 is a vertical section on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1. Fig.3 isafsection on the line 3-3 of Fig. 2. Fig. 4 is a section on the lineHofFig. 2. Fig. 5 is a bottom View 7 of the device with the heaterremoved. Fig.

6 is an interior view of aportion of the outer wall of the chimney. Fig.7 1s a v ew of a part of the top of the device looking from 1 below.Fig. 8 is a viewof a portion of the bottom of the air heating chamber.

The casing 1 surrounds an air heating chamber and is spaced somewhatfrom ,it and below it forms a fire box. The lining 2 preferably ofasbestos orsimilar material lies against the inside of the casing. Thebottom plate 27 inclosesthe casing at the bottom andchas a sufficientlylargev opening to admit the burner 38' of a lamp. The

' chimney 35 has the outer wall (which is shown as the casing 1, of thedevice,) set so as to leave anarrow space between'it and the wall 23;of,the.air chamber which chamber is closed completely at the bottom bythe diaphragm 28, which diaphragm is also of a heat conducting andradiating material. The cover 10 incloses the top of the air heatingchamber completely except for Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 9, 1921.

Application .filed January 7, 191 8. SerialNo. 210,628.

the air inlets 14, 14.. The diaphragm 28 is secured to the casing by thefingers 6 and to the wall 23 of the air heating chamber by the lugs 9,and the cover 10 is secured to the casing by the fingers 11 and to thewall 23 of the air heating chamber by the lugs 12.

The air heating chamber is provided also with the pipe 7, that extendsnearly to the bottom of the chamber and is surrounded by thenon-conducting covering 29. The pipe 7 passes through and extends abovethe cover 10 and in practice is secured to it by the nuts 8 and 26 aboveand'below this cover '10 respectively. The fingers 11 extend to v thecasing land are secured to it, and the lugs 12, 12, are secured to thewall 23 of the air'heating chamber. The air heating chamber is providedalso with the baffles 30, 31 of a heat conducting and radiatingmaterial. The baflles 30, are in contact with the wall 23 and spacedslidably from the pipe 7, and the partitions 31, fit closely the coverof the pipe 7 and are spaced from the walls 23. The rods 15 and 16 passfrom top to bottom of the air heating chamber and through the baflles 30and 31. The rods 15, in practice, pass completely through the heatingchamber and fire box and are conviently held in place by'their headsand'the nuts 21 and 25. The rods 16 preferably terminate at thediaphragm 28 and are similarly secured to it by the nuts 20. Thebaflles'arje spaced by the washers 19, 19. W e have found theconstruction described heat from the fire-box is carried up by means ofthe rods 15 and 16 and the washers 19 to the baffles 30 and 31, and thewashers "cause a'miuch better conducting and radiatlon of the heat thana straight pieceof The wall 23 and the wall 1 form a chimney 35 and theheated air in thechimney keeps the walls 23 continually hot, especiallyThe air-to be heated is drawn into the heating chamber through the holes14:, 14,

and passes over the radiating baiiies 30and above lofgreat practicalvalue because the j 'if the insulation 2 is sufficient to prevent itfrom being chilled.

31 downward (being repeatedly brought into contact with the heated wall23 until it reaches the highly heated diaphragm 28,

along which it passes were mouth'of the pipe 7). It then passes throughthe latter out of the heater.

The velocity of the air is much greater near the pipe 7 where it isonly'heated by contact with the baffles 30 and 31 than near the heatedwall 23, and moves most slowly between the bafiles 30 and 31 whennearest the wall. It can be made to pass in a very thin layer betweenthe outer edge of the bafiie 31 and the wall 23 and yet will pass slowlybetween them.

The importance of a large supply. of air heated to a considerable extentis apparent when it is borne in mind that the best results are obtainedin hydro-carbon internal explosion engines when the explosive mixture ispresented to the cylinder with the hydro-carbon in gaseous form. If thehydro-carbon is heavy itwillless likely assume this form and more likelyto be presented to the cylinder in a finely comminuted condition mixedwith the air but still liquid. By supplying the heated air in a largequantity and at a high temperature even the heavier oils such askerosene or even fuel oil will be presented to the cylinder in a gaseousform so that the compression will act upon a fuel ready to explodedirectly. We believe that up to the present time while many forms ofpre-heaters have beenattempted, none of them have secured this resultbecause of the small amount of heating surface presented to the air inits passage to the carbureter and also that in none of them the air hasbeen conducted to the carbureter in a comparatively thin flow over theheating surfaces. As is well known,

air cannot be heated by conduction and only with much difliculty byradiation but very readily by convection and it is by the application ofthe above principles that we believe we have made a thoroughly practicaldevice.

We claim:

1. In an air preheater for internal combustion engines, an air heatingchamber, a fire box, and its chimney, said firebox and chimney togetherinclosing the air heating chamber atthe bottom and the sides, the wallsbetween the firebox and the airheating chamber and the walls betweenthe; chimney and the air heating chamber being of heat conductingmaterlal, a series of baflies in the air heating chamber, each-alternate battle being slightly spaced from, and fitting snugly to thewall separating the air chamber from the chimney, a draw ofif pipe forthe heated air, leading from the air heating chamber to the outside ofthe heater, and having its intake mouth' near the wall between the airchamber and the 2. In anvair preheater for internal combustion engines,an air heating chamber,a firebox and its chimney, said firebox and firebox and the air heating chamber, and studs of a heat conducting materialprojecting into the fire box and extending through the air heatingchamber.

3. In an air preheater for internal com bustion engines an air heatingchamber, a 1

fire box and its chimney, together inclosing the air heating chamber atthe bottom and the sides, the walls between the fire box'and the airheating chamber, and between the chimney and the air heating chamberbeing of heat conducting material, battles in the air heating chamber,each alternate bafile fitting snugly to and being slightly spaced fromthewall between the fire box and the air heating chamber, studs of aheat 0011- ducting material ,projectinginto the fire box and extendingthrough the air heating chamber, and washers placed around the saidstuds, the washers and the baflles being of heat conducting material,and a hot air outlet pipe, leading from the interior of the firebox tothe outside of the heater, and having its intake mouth near the wallbetween the air chamber and the fire box.

4:. In an air preheater for internal combustion engines, anair heatingchamber, a fire box and its chimney together inclosing the air heatingchamber atthe bottom and the sides, the walls betweenlthe air heatingchamber and the chimney 1 and. between the air heating chamber and thefire box, being l of a heat conducting and heat radiating material, aseries of battles extending crosswise of the air heating chamber,certain of these baflles guiding the air toward the center of the airheating chamber, and others of these baflles, guiding the air in the airheating chamber,outward toward the wall between the air heating chamberandthe chimney, and an airoutlet pipe leading from the interior of theheater to the outside thereof,

havingits intake mouth toward the bottom of the air heating chamber. IIn. witness whereof we have hereto set our signatures.

SAMUEL S. STALEYi MARK W. COLLET. Witness:

HELEN Gow.

